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Technical data for Ruthenium

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Overview
NameRuthenium
SymbolRu
Atomic Number44
Atomic Weight101.07
Density12.37 g/cc
Melting Point2334.°C
Boiling Point4150.°C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point2334.°C
Boiling Point4150.°C
Absolute Melting Point2607.K
Absolute Boiling Point4423.K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion25.7KJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization580.KJ/mol
Heat of CombustionN/A
Specific Heat238.J/(Kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity120.W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion6.4×10-6K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density12.37 g/cc
Density (Liquid)10.65 g/cc
Molar Volume8.1706×10-6
Brinell Hardness2160.MPa
Mohs Hardness6.5MPa
Vickers HardnessN/A
Bulk Modulus220.GPa
Shear Modulus173.GPa
Young Modulus447.GPa
Poisson Ratio0.3
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound5970.m/s
Thermal Conductivity120.W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion6.4×10-6K-1

Reactivity
Valence6
Electronegativity2.2
ElectronAffinity101.3KJ/mol
Ionization Energies
710.2, 1620., 2747. KJ/mol

Health and Safety
Autoignition PointN/A
FlashpointN/A
Heat of CombustionN/A
DOT Hazard Class4.1
DOT Numbers3089
EU NumberEU231-127-1
NFPA Fire RatingN/A
NFPA HazardsN/A
NFPA Health RatingN/A
NFPA Reactivity RatingN/A
RTECS ClassesN/A
RTECS NumberN/A
NFPA LabelN/A

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blockd
Group8
Period5
Electron Configuration[Kr]4d75s1
ColorSilver
Discovery
1844 in Russia
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-18-8
CID NumberCID23950
Gmelin NumberGmelin16241
NSC NumberN/A
RTECS NumberN/A

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity1.4×107S/m
Resistivity7.1×10-8m Ω
Superconducting Point0.49

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility5.4×10-9
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility5.46×10-10
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.0000668

Abundances
% in Universe4.×10-7%
% in Sun5.×10-7%
% in Meteorites0.000081%
% in Earth's Crust9.9×10-8%
% in Oceans7.×10-11%
% in HumansN/A

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius178.pm
Covalent Radius126.pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice Constants
270.59, 270.59, 428.15 pm
Space Group NameP63/mmc
Space Group Number194

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers5F5
Neutron Cross Section2.6
Neutron Mass Absorption0.0009
Known Isotopes
87Ru, 88Ru, 89Ru, 90Ru, 91Ru, 92Ru, 93Ru, 94Ru, 95Ru, 96Ru, 97Ru, 98Ru, 99Ru, 100Ru, 101Ru, 102Ru, 103Ru, 104Ru, 105Ru, 106Ru, 107Ru, 108Ru, 109Ru, 110Ru, 111Ru, 112Ru, 113Ru, 114Ru, 115Ru, 116Ru, 117Ru, 118Ru, 119Ru, 120Ru
Stable Isotopes
100Ru, 101Ru, 102Ru, 104Ru, 96Ru, 98Ru, 99Ru
Isotopic Abundances
100Ru12.6%
101Ru17.06%
102Ru31.55%
104Ru18.62%
96Ru5.54%
98Ru1.87%
99Ru12.76%


Notes on the properties of Ruthenium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

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