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Technical data for Calcium

Click any property name to see plots of that property for all the elements.

Overview
NameCalcium
SymbolCa
Atomic Number20
Atomic Weight40.078
Density1.55 g/cm3
Melting Point842 °C
Boiling Point1484 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point842 °C
Boiling Point1484 °C
Absolute Melting Point1115 K
Absolute Boiling Point1757 K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion8.54 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization155 kJ/mol
Specific Heat631 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity200 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000223 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density1.55 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)1.378 g/cm3
Molar Volume0.000025857
Brinell Hardness167 MPa
Mohs Hardness1.75
Vickers HardnessN/A
Bulk Modulus17 GPa
Shear Modulus7.4 GPa
Young Modulus20 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.31
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound3810 m/s
Thermal Conductivity200 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000223 K-1

Reactivity
Valence2
Electronegativity1
ElectronAffinity2.37 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
589.8, 1145.4, 4912.4, 6491, 8153, 10496, 12270, 14206, 18191, 20385, 57110 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
DOT Hazard Class
4.2
DOT Numbers1855
RTECS NumberN/A
NFPA LabelNFPA Label

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blocks
Group2
Period4
SeriesAlkaline Earth Metal
Electron Configuration[Ar]4s2
ColorSilver
Discovery
1808 in The United Kingdom
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7440-70-2
CID Number
CID5460341
RTECS NumberN/A

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity2.9×107 S/m
Resistivity3.399999999999×10-8 m Ω
Superconducting PointN/A

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility1.38×10-8 m3/Kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility5.531×10-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.00002139

Abundances
% in Universe0.007%
% in Sun0.007%
% in Meteorites1.1%
% in Earth's Crust5%
% in Oceans0.00042%
% in Humans1.4%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius194 pm
Covalent Radius176 pm
Van der Waals RadiusN/A
Crystal StructureFace-centered Cubic
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice Constants
558.84, 558.84, 558.84 pm
Space Group NameFm_ 3m
Space Group Number225

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers1S0
Neutron Cross Section0.43
Neutron Mass Absorption0.00037
Known Isotopes
34Ca, 35Ca, 36Ca, 37Ca, 38Ca, 39Ca, 40Ca, 41Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 45Ca, 46Ca, 47Ca, 48Ca, 49Ca, 50Ca, 51Ca, 52Ca, 53Ca, 54Ca, 55Ca, 56Ca, 57Ca
Stable Isotopes
40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46Ca
Isotopic Abundances
40Ca96.941%
42Ca0.647%
43Ca0.135%
44Ca2.086%
46Ca0.004%
48Ca0.187%


Notes on the properties of Calcium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by
Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

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