Technical data for Sulfur

Overview Name Sulfur Symbol S Atomic Number 16 Atomic Weight 32.065 Density 1.96 g/cm3 Melting Point 115.21 °C[note] Boiling Point 444.72 °C Thermal properties Phase Solid Melting Point 115.21 °C[note] Boiling Point 444.72 °C Absolute Melting Point 388.36 K[note] Absolute Boiling Point 717.87 K Critical Pressure 20.7 MPa (204.3 Atm) Critical Temperature 1314 K Heat of Fusion 1.73 kJ/mol Heat of Vaporization 9.8 kJ/mol Heat of Combustion {"N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A"} J/(kg K) Specific Heat 705 J/(kg K)[note] Adiabatic Index N/A Neel Point N/A Thermal Conductivity 0.205 W/(m K) Thermal Expansion N/A Bulk physical properties Density 1.96 g/cm3 Density (Liquid) 1.819 g/cm3 Molar Volume 0.00001636 Brinell Hardness N/A Mohs Hardness 2 MPa Vickers Hardness N/A Bulk Modulus 7.7 GPa Shear Modulus N/A Young Modulus N/A Poisson Ratio N/A Refractive Index 1.001111 Speed of Sound N/A Thermal Conductivity 0.205 W/(m K) Thermal Expansion N/A Reactivity Valence 6 Electronegativity 2.58 ElectronAffinity 200 kJ/mol Ionization Energies 999.6, 2252, 3357, 4556, 7004.3, 8495.8, 27107, 31719, 36621, 43177 kJ/mol Health and Safety Autoignition Point N/A Flashpoint N/A[note] Heat of Combustion {"N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A"} J/(kg K) DOT Hazard Class {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} DOT Numbers "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A", "N/A" EU Number {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} NFPA Fire Rating {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} NFPA Hazards N/ A, N/ A, N/ A, N/ A, N/ A, N/ A NFPA Health Rating {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} NFPA Reactivity Rating {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} RTECS Number {RTECSWS4250000, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} NFPA Label [note]

Classifications Alternate Names Sulphur Names of Allotropes RhombicSulphur, MonoclinicSulphur, AmorphousSulphur Block p Group 16 Period 3 Electron Configuration [Ne]3s23p4 Color Yellow Discovery 500 BC Gas phase N/A CAS Number CAS7704-34-9 CID Number {CID5362487, CID5460602, CID139340, CID139602, CID66348, CID66348} Gmelin Number {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} NSC Number {N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} RTECS Number {RTECSWS4250000, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A, N/A} Electrical properties Electrical Type Insulator Electrical Conductivity 1×10-15 S/m Resistivity 1×1015 m Ω Superconducting Point N/A Magnetic properties Magnetic Type Diamagnetic Curie Point N/A Mass Magnetic Susceptibility -6.2×10-9 Molar Magnetic Susceptibility -1.99×10-10 Volume Magnetic Susceptibility -0.0000122 Abundances % in Universe 0.05% % in Sun 0.04% % in Meteorites 4% % in Earth's Crust 0.042% % in Oceans 0.093% % in Humans 0.2% Atomic dimensions and structure Atomic Radius 88 pm Covalent Radius 102 pm Van der Waals Radius 180 pm Crystal Structure Face Centered Orthorhombic Lattice Angles π/2, π/2, π/2 Lattice Constants 1043.7, 1284.5, 2436.9 pm Space Group Name Fddd Space Group Number 70 Nuclear Properties Half-Life Stable Lifetime Stable Decay Mode N/A Quantum Numbers 3P2 Neutron Cross Section 0.52 Neutron Mass Absorption 0.00055 Known Isotopes 26S, 27S, 28S, 29S, 30S, 31S, 32S, 33S, 34S, 35S, 36S, 37S, 38S, 39S, 40S, 41S, 42S, 43S, 44S, 45S, 46S, 47S, 48S, 49S Stable Isotopes 32S, 33S, 34S, 36S Isotopic Abundances 32S 94.93% 33S 0.76% 34S 4.29% 36S 0.02%