HHomeBackground Color:He
LiBeMagnesium Main PageBlack White GrayBCNOFNe
NaMgMagnesium Pictures PageAlSiPSClAr
KCaMagnesium Isotope DataScTiVCrMnFeCoNiCuZnGaGeAsSeBrKr
RbSrYZrNbMoTcRuRhPdAgCdInSnSbTeIXe
CsBaLaCePrNdPmSmEuGdTbDyHoErTmYbLuHfTaWReOsIrPtAuHgTlPbBiPoAtRn
FrRaAcThPaUNpPuAmCmBkCfEsFmMdNoLrRfDbSgBhHsMtDsRgCnNhFlMcLvTsOg

Technical data for Magnesium

Click any property name to see plots of that property for all the elements.

Overview
NameMagnesium
SymbolMg
Atomic Number12
Atomic Weight24.305
Density1.738 g/cm3
Melting Point650 °C
Boiling Point1090 °C

Thermal properties
PhaseSolid
Melting Point650 °C
Boiling Point1090 °C
Absolute Melting Point923 K
Absolute Boiling Point1363 K
Critical PressureN/A
Critical TemperatureN/A
Heat of Fusion8.7 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization128 kJ/mol
Specific Heat1020 J/(kg K)[note]
Adiabatic IndexN/A
Neel PointN/A
Thermal Conductivity160 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000248 K-1

Bulk physical properties
Density1.738 g/cm3
Density (Liquid)1.584 g/cm3
Molar Volume0.000013984
Brinell Hardness260 MPa
Mohs Hardness2.5
Vickers HardnessN/A
Bulk Modulus45 GPa
Shear Modulus17 GPa
Young Modulus45 GPa
Poisson Ratio0.29
Refractive IndexN/A
Speed of Sound4602 m/s
Thermal Conductivity160 W/(m K)
Thermal Expansion0.0000248 K-1

Reactivity
Valence2
Electronegativity1.31
ElectronAffinity0 kJ/mol
Ionization Energies
737.7, 1450.7, 7732.7, 10542.5, 13630, 18020, 21711, 25661, 31653, 35458 kJ/mol

Health and Safety
DOT Hazard Class
4.1
DOT Numbers2950
RTECS NumberN/A
NFPA LabelNFPA Label

Classifications
Alternate NamesNone
Names of AllotropesNone
Blocks
Group2
Period3
SeriesAlkaline Earth Metal
Electron Configuration[Ne]3s2
ColorSilver
Discovery
1755 in The United Kingdom
Gas phaseN/A
CAS NumberCAS7439-95-4
CID Number
CID5462224
RTECS NumberN/A

Electrical properties
Electrical TypeConductor
Electrical Conductivity2.3×107 S/m
Resistivity4.399999999999×10-8 m Ω
Superconducting PointN/A

Magnetic properties
Magnetic TypeParamagnetic
Curie PointN/A
Mass Magnetic Susceptibility6.9×10-9 m3/Kg
Molar Magnetic Susceptibility1.68×10-10 m3/mol
Volume Magnetic Susceptibility0.000012

Abundances
% in Universe0.059%
% in Sun0.07%
% in Meteorites12%
% in Earth's Crust2.9%
% in Oceans0.13%
% in Humans0.027%

Atomic dimensions and structure
Atomic Radius145 pm
Covalent Radius141 pm
Van der Waals Radius173 pm
Crystal StructureSimple Hexagonal
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice Constants
320.94, 320.94, 521.08 pm
Space Group NameP63/mmc
Space Group Number194

Nuclear Properties
Half-LifeStable
LifetimeStable
Decay ModeN/A
Quantum Numbers1S0
Neutron Cross Section0.063
Neutron Mass Absorption0.0001
Known Isotopes
19Mg, 20Mg, 21Mg, 22Mg, 23Mg, 24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg, 27Mg, 28Mg, 29Mg, 30Mg, 31Mg, 32Mg, 33Mg, 34Mg, 35Mg, 36Mg, 37Mg, 38Mg, 39Mg, 40Mg
Stable Isotopes
24Mg, 25Mg, 26Mg
Isotopic Abundances
24Mg78.99%
25Mg10%
26Mg11.01%


Notes on the properties of Magnesium:

Specific Heat: Value given for solid phase.

Up to date, curated data provided by
Mathematica's ElementData function from Wolfram Research, Inc.

The Elements book Mad Science book Periodic Table Poster  Click here to buy a book, photographic periodic table poster, card deck, or 3D print based on the images you see here!